Acids, Bases and Salts Important Questions.

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1. Q1Easy

   When sodium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid, the products formed are sodium chloride, water, and _______ gas.

   Answer: carbon dioxide

   Explanation: Sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCl) to form sodium chloride (NaCl), water (H₂O), and carbon dioxide (CO₂). This is a typical neutralization reaction producing CO₂.

2. Q2Easy

   When sodium hydrogencarbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid, the products formed are sodium chloride, water, and _______ gas.

   Answer: carbon dioxide

   Explanation: Sodium hydrogencarbonate (NaHCO₃) reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCl) to form sodium chloride (NaCl), water (H₂O), and carbon dioxide (CO₂). This reaction is commonly used in baking.

3. Q3Easy

   The white precipitate formed when carbon dioxide gas is passed through lime water is _______.

   Answer: calcium carbonate

   Explanation: When carbon dioxide (CO₂) is passed through lime water (calcium hydroxide solution), it forms a white precipitate of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃). This is a key test for CO₂.

4. Q4Easy

   The pH of a solution of sodium carbonate is generally _______ (acidic/neutral/basic).

   Answer: basic

   Explanation: Sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) is a salt of a weak acid (carbonic acid) and a strong base (sodium hydroxide), resulting in a basic solution with a pH greater than 7.

5. Q5Easy

   The chemical formula for hydrated copper sulphate is CuSO₄·_______H₂O.

   Answer: 5

   Explanation: Hydrated copper sulphate contains five water molecules per formula unit, represented as CuSO₄·5H₂O.

6. Q6Easy

   The chemical name for baking soda is sodium _______.

   Answer: hydrogencarbonate

   Explanation: Baking soda is chemically known as sodium hydrogencarbonate (NaHCO₃), which is used in cooking and as an antacid.

7. Q7Medium

   When zinc reacts with sodium hydroxide, the gas evolved is _______.

   Answer: hydrogen

   Explanation: Zinc reacts with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to produce sodium zincate and hydrogen gas (H₂). This reaction demonstrates the acidic nature of zinc in basic solutions.

8. Q8Medium

   The _______ indicator can be used to detect the presence of acids and bases based on changes in odor.

   Answer: olfactory

   Explanation: Vanilla and clove can act as olfactory indicators, changing their odor when exposed to acids or bases. This is a practical way to identify acid-base reactions.

9. Q9Medium

   The pH of rainwater is considered acidic when it is less than _______.

   Answer: 5.6

   Explanation: Rainwater with a pH below 5.6 is classified as acid rain due to the presence of dissolved pollutants like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides.

10. Q10Medium

    The salt formed when hydrochloric acid reacts with zinc is _______ chloride.

    Answer: zinc

    Explanation: Zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCl) to produce zinc chloride (ZnCl₂) and hydrogen gas (H₂). This is a typical metal-acid reaction.

11. Q11Medium

    The _______ process involves the electrolysis of brine (NaCl) to produce chlorine, hydrogen, and sodium hydroxide.

    Answer: chlor-alkali

    Explanation: The chlor-alkali process is an industrial method for producing chlorine gas, hydrogen gas, and sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) from brine (NaCl).

12. Q12Medium

    The _______ ion is responsible for the acidic properties of acids in solution.

    Answer: hydrogen (H⁺)

    Explanation: Acids dissociate in water to produce hydrogen ions (H⁺), which are responsible for their acidic properties and conductivity.

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